Kecerdasan Buatan Generatif, umumnya dikenal sebagai AI generatif atau AI, mengalami kemajuan pesat. Bentuk teknologi ini mencakup chatbot AI, seperti ChatGPT.

Perlu Anda pahami bahwa penggunaan AI sebagai bagian dari studi mungkin akan dibatasi atau dilarang tergantung kebijakan universitas atau perguruan tinggi Anda.

Alternatifnya, mungkin ada mata kuliah atau tugas yang mendorong atau bahkan mewajibkan penggunaan AI.

Jika penggunaan AI diperbolehkan, Anda perlu memahami bagaimana penggunaan alat-alat ini direferensikan.

Penggunaan AI dengan cara yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan institusi Anda dapat mengakibatkan Anda dianggap melakukan pelanggaran akademik.

TEQSA mendorong semua mahasiswa pendidikan tinggi untuk mendiskusikan ekspektasi seputar AI dengan institusi mereka dan memastikan mereka mengikuti instruksi universitas atau perguruan tinggi untuk menghindari pelanggaran terhadap integritas akademik.

Karena setiap disiplin ilmu mungkin memiliki peraturan yang berbeda, sebaiknya pastikan Anda memahami ekspektasi untuk setiap tugas penilaian.

Evaluasi Belajar dan AI

TEQSA tidak mewajibkan penggunaan bentuk penilaian/evaluasi tertentu - Kerangka Standar Pendidikan Tinggi (Standar Ambang Batas) 2021 mewajibkan institusi untuk menilai pengetahuan dan pemahaman mahasiswa tentang mata kuliah.

Meningkatnya kecanggihan AI mungkin berarti bahwa beberapa tugas penilaian harus didesain ulang untuk memastikan siswa tidak dapat mengganti pekerjaan mahasiswa dengan materi yang dihasilkan oleh AI.

Mendesain ulang penilaian merupakan respons yang tepat terhadap risiko yang ditimbulkan oleh AI dan merupakan salah satu hal yang didukung TEQSA.

Anda harus mendiskusikan segala kekhawatiran Anda tentang bagaimana perubahan penilaian dapat berdampak pada Anda karena disabilitas atau keadaan lain dengan universitas atau perguruan tinggi Anda.

Semua institusi pendidikan tinggi Australia wajib memiliki Kebijakan dan Prosedur untuk menanggapi permasalahan mahasiswa - Anda biasanya dapat menemukannya di situs web atau portal mahasiswa universitas atau perguruan tinggi Anda.

Sumber daya AI lainnya untuk mahasiswa

Kami membagikan tautan ini untuk membantu mahasiswa memahami cara kerja AI dan cara menggunakannya secara etis sambil menjunjung tinggi integritas akademis mereka.

Ingat, sebelum mengikuti saran apa pun dalam tautan ini, Anda harus berkonsultasi terlebih dahulu dengan institusi Anda.

• Everyone's having a field day with ChatGPT – but nobody knows how it actually works (Professor Toby Walsh, UNSW for The Conversation)
• Ethical ways to use ChatGPT as a student (Open Universities Australia)
• Using AI tools for study (Flinders University Library)
• Using generative AI (Deakin University Library)

生成式人工智能（通常称为生成式 AI 或 AI）正在飞速发展。这种形式的科技包括人工智能聊天机器人，例如 ChatGPT。

根据您所在大学或学院的政策规定，在学习中使用人工智能可能会受到限制或被禁止。明白这一点十分重要。

有些科目或作业也可能会鼓励甚至要求您使用人工智能。

在允许使用人工智能时，您需要了解如何引用对这些工具的使用。

如果以不符合您所在学院规定的方式使用人工智能，则可能会被认定为学术不端行为。

TEQSA 鼓励所有接受高等教育的学生与他们所在的教育机构讨论对人工智能的期望，并确保学生遵守大学或学院的指导，以避免违反学术诚信规定。

由于不同学科的规则可能有所不同，因此最好确保您了解每项评估任务的期望标准。

评估与人工智能

TEQSA 不会强制要求使用某种特定的评估形式 - 而《高等教育标准框架（门槛标准）2021》【Higher Education Standards Framework (Threshold Standards) 2021】 要求教育机构评估学生对学科的知识掌握和理解程度。

人工智能的日益复杂化可能意味着需要对一些评估任务重新设计，以确保学生无法用人工智能生成的内容替代学生的作业。

对评估进行重新设计是对人工智能带来的风险的恰当应对方法，也是 TEQSA 所支持的。

如果您担心评估的变化会因残疾或其他情况而对您产生影响，您应该与您的大学或学院进行讨论。

所有澳大利亚高等教育机构都必须制定用于回应学生疑虑的政策和程序 - 您通常可以在您所在大学或学院的网站或学生门户页面找到这些政策和程序。

其他供学生阅读的人工智能资料

我们分享这些链接是为了帮助学生了解人工智能的工作原理以及如何在维护学术诚信的同时合乎道德地使用人工智能。

请记住，在采用这些链接中的任何建议之前，您应该先咨询您的教育机构。

• 《每个人都在尽情享受 ChatGPT 带来的乐趣 - 但没人知道它到底是如何工作的》（新南威尔士大学 Toby Walsh 教授为 《The Conversation》撰文）
• 作为学生，用合乎道德的方式使用 ChatGPT（澳大利亚开放大学）
• 使用人工智能工具进行学习（弗林德斯大学图书馆）
• 使用生成式人工智能（迪肯大学图书馆）

La inteligencia artificial generativa, comúnmente conocida como IA generativa o IA, está avanzando a gran velocidad. Esta forma de tecnología incluye chatbots de IA, tales como ChatGPT.

Es importante comprender que, según las políticas de tu universidad o instituto, puede estar restringido o prohibido el uso de la IA como parte de tus estudios.

Además, podría haber materias o tareas en las que se fomente o, incluso se necesite, usar la IA.

En los casos en los que se permita el uso de la IA, deberás comprender cómo citar el uso de estas herramientas.

El uso de la IA que no sea congruente con las normas de tu institución puede derivar en una conducta académica indebida.

TEQSA alienta a todos los estudiantes de educación superior a conversar con su institución sobre las expectativas en torno a la IA y a garantizar que cumplan las instrucciones de su universidad o instituto para evitar violar la integridad académica.

Dado que las normas podrían ser diferentes en distintas disciplinas, es mejor asegurarse de que comprendas las expectativas para cada tarea de evaluación.

Evaluaciones e IA

TEQSA no obliga a utilizar una manera específica de evaluación. El Marco de Normas de Educación Superior (Normas Umbral) ([Higher Education Standards Framework (Threshold Standards]) de 2021 exige que las instituciones evalúen el conocimiento y la comprensión de la materia de un estudiante.

La creciente complejidad de la IA podría implicar el rediseño de algunas tareas de evaluación para garantizar que los estudiantes no puedan sustituir el trabajo del alumno con material producido por la IA.

Rediseñar las evaluaciones es una respuesta adecuada para los riesgos que presenta la IA, que está respaldada por TEQSA.

Debes conversar con tu universidad o instituto sobre cualquier inquietud que tengas con respecto a cómo podrían impactar los cambios en la evaluación debido a una discapacidad o a otras circunstancias.

Se exige que todas las instituciones de educación superior de Australia tengan Políticas y procedimientos para responder a las inquietudes de los estudiantes, generalmente puedes encontrarlas en el sitio web de la universidad o instituto, o en el portal del estudiante.

Otros recursos de IA para estudiantes

Compartimos estos enlaces para ayudar a los alumnos a comprender cómo funciona la IA y cómo utilizarla de manera ética y, simultáneamente, defender tu integridad académica.

Recuerda, antes de seguir cualquier asesoramiento dentro de estos enlaces, debes verificarlo primero con tu institución.

• Everyone’s having a field day with ChatGPT - but nobody knows how it actually works (Todos están muy contentos con ChatGPT, pero nadie sabe cómo funciona realmente) (Profesor Toby Walsh, UNSW para The Conversation)
• Ethical ways to use ChatGPT as a student (Maneras éticas de usar ChatGPT como estudiante) (Open Universities Australia)
• Using AI tools for study (Cómo usar herramientas de IA para estudiar) Flinders University Library)
• Using generative AI (Cómo usar la IA generativa) (Deakin University Library)

Trí tuệ Nhân tạo Tạo sinh, thường được gọi là AI tạo sinh hoặc AI, đang phát triển với tốc độ nhanh chóng. Loại hình công nghệ này bao gồm các chatbot AI, chẳng hạn như ChatGPT.

Điều quan trọng cần phải hiểu rằng, tùy thuộc vào chính sách của trường đại học hoặc cao đẳng, việc sử dụng AI như một phần trong học tập của bạn có thể bị hạn chế hoặc bị cấm.

Ngoài ra, có thể có những môn học hoặc bài tập được khuyến khích hoặc thậm chí bắt buộc sử dụng AI.

Khi được phép sử dụng AI, bạn sẽ cần phải biết việc sử dụng các công cụ này được tham chiếu như thế nào.

Việc sử dụng AI theo cách không phù hợp với các quy định của viện trường có thể dẫn đến việc vi phạm trong học tập.

TEQSA khuyến khích tất cả sinh viên đại học thảo luận với trường về những kỳ vọng của việc sử dụng AI và đảm bảo sinh viên tuân theo hướng dẫn của trường đại học hoặc cao đẳng để tránh vi phạm tính liêm chính trong học tập.

Vì các ngành khác nhau có thể có những quy định khác nhau, tốt nhất là nên đảm bảo rằng bạn hiểu được những kỳ vọng đối với từng bài kiểm tra.

Bài kiểm tra và AI

TEQSA không bắt buộc phải sử dụng một hình thức kiểm tra cụ thể nào - Khung Tiêu chuẩn Giáo dục Đại học (Các Tiêu chuẩn Ngưỡng) 2021 yêu cầu các trường kiểm tra kiến thức và sự hiểu biết của sinh viên về môn học.

Sự tinh vi ngày càng tăng của AI có thể đồng nghĩa với việc một số bài kiểm tra được thiết kế lại để đảm bảo sinh viên không thể sử dụng bài làm do AI tạo ra để thay thế bài làm của mình.

Việc thiết kế lại các bài kiểm tra là một cách ứng phó phù hợp trước những rủi ro do AI gây ra và là giải pháp được TEQSA hỗ trợ.

Bạn nên thảo luận với trường đại học hoặc cao đẳng của mình về bất kỳ mối lo ngại nào liên quan đến việc thay đổi bài kiểm tra có thể ảnh hưởng đến bạn do khuyết tật hoặc do các hoàn cảnh khác.

Tất cả các trường đại học Úc đều phải có Chính sách và Quy trình để giải quyết các mối lo ngại của sinh viên – thông thường bạn có thể tìm thấy những thông tin này trên trang mạng của trường hoặc cổng thông tin sinh viên.

Các nguồn tài liệu AI khác dành cho sinh viên

Chúng tôi chia sẻ những trang mạng liên kết này để hỗ trợ sinh viên hiểu được cách hoạt động của AI và cách sử dụng nó có đạo đức trong khi vẫn duy trì tính liêm chính trong học tập của mình.

Hãy nhớ rằng, trước khi làm theo bất kỳ lời khuyên nào ở các trang mạng liên kết này, bạn nên kiểm tra trước với trường của mình.

• Mọi người đang có một ngày trải nghiệm với ChatGPT - nhưng không ai biết nó thực sự hoạt động như thế nào (Giáo sư Toby Walsh, UNSW trong The Conversation)
• Các cách sử dụng ChatGPT có đạo đức khi là sinh viên (Đại học Mở Úc)
• Sử dụng các công cụ AI trong học tập (Thư viện Đại học Flinders)
• Sử dụng AI tạo sinh (Thư viện Đại học Deakin)

Guidance for prospective providers

When preparing an application for registration as a higher education provider, prospective providers must submit operational plans and projections to allow TEQSA to assess the financial viability and sustainability of the applicant. In preparing these plans and projections, prospective providers should consider the timeframes for registration by TEQSA. In addition, if a provider is considering delivery to overseas students, these projections should also consider the time to be registered on the Commonwealth Register of Institutions and Courses for Overseas Students (CRICOS), the time to recruit overseas students, and sufficient time for those students to obtain visas and to make travel and accommodation arrangements, prior to the commencement of delivery.

Key steps

1. Initial engagement with TEQSA and preparation of applications

At least 6 months before submitting an application, and after reviewing the relevant guidance materials, prospective providers should contact TEQSA (new.registration.enquiries@TEQSA.gov.au) to advise of an intention to apply for registration. If intending to deliver to overseas students, prospective providers are also encouraged to contact TEQSA’s CRICOS team (cricos@teqsa.gov.au) for guidance.

2. Preliminary assessment of application for initial registration

Once an application is received, TEQSA must complete a preliminary assessment and notify you of the outcome within 30 days. During this assessment, TEQSA will check if you have provided all of the required evidence, including whether the application for registration in a particular provider category is appropriate, and whether an application is required for a course of study to be accredited, as per Section 19(1) of the TEQSA Act. Please note, if an application is not in the approved form, does not include all information, documents and assistance requested by TEQSA, or is not accompanied by the application fee, it will not progress to a substantive assessment.

3. Substantive assessment of application for initial registration

If TEQSA’s preliminary assessment finds that an application is appropriate (valid), the applicant may continue with its application by providing any further information requested by TEQSA and by paying the application fee. Once these have been received, the substantive assessment of an application commences.

TEQSA must make a decision on the application within 9 months of the commencement of the substantive assessment. However, if, for reasons beyond TEQSA’s control, a decision cannot be made within 9 months, a longer period not exceeding a further 9 months may be applied, as per Section 21(2-3) of the TEQSA Act.

4. Notification and publication of decision

Once a decision has been made, TEQSA must advise the applicant within 30 days of that decision and, if TEQSA rejects the application, the reasons for the decision.

5. Preparation of application for CRICOS registration

On average, providers submit their application for CRICOS registration 3 months following notification of their initial registration as a higher education provider. TEQSA encourages providers to consider the requirements of the Education Services for Overseas Students Act 2000 (ESOS Act) and National Code of Practice for Providers of Education and Training to Overseas Students 2018 (National Code) in the development of all policies and procedures if intending to deliver to overseas students.

Further information to assist providers preparing an application for CRICOS registration can be found on TEQSA’s How to apply for CRICOS registration page.

6. Assessment of application for CRICOS registration

Once an application for CRICOS registration is received, TEQSA will assess whether the requirements of the ESOS Act and National Code have been met. If the application is of a high-quality, and the applicant responds promptly to TEQSA’s requests, a decision is usually made within 3 to 6 months. Where the application does not include all of the required evidence, or where there are delays in responding to TEQSA’s requests, the assessment process will take longer.

7. Provider CRICOS code issued by Department of Education

Once CRICOS registration is granted, it can take a further 2 to 4 weeks for a CRICOS code to be issued and the newly registered provider listed on the CRICOS register.

8. Commence recruitment of overseas students

Providers cannot advertise courses to overseas students or begin recruiting overseas students until registered on CRICOS and issued with a CRICOS code by the Department of Education. Generally, providers will need to commence recruitment activities at least 3 months prior to engaging the last students for a study period or 5 months prior to the commencement of delivery, noting the need for offshore intending students to obtain a student visa.

9. Offshore overseas students apply for student visa

Currently, the Department of Home Affairs advises students outside of Australia to apply for their visa at least 8 weeks before their course starts. Further information can be found on the Department of Home Affairs’ Subclass 500 student visa page.

10. Delivery commences

In total, prospective providers should plan for delivery to commence at least 35 months after first engaging with TEQSA, or 29 months after submitting an application for initial registration. Please note that these are indicative timeframes and are largely conditional on a high-quality applications and minimal delays in the preparation and submission of responses to TEQSA’s requests.

Scope and intent of the Domain

This Domain (Sections 6.1-6.3) of the Higher Education Standards Framework (Threshold Standards) 2021 (HES Framework) encompasses:

• specification of an accountable governing body with some elaboration of its key governance roles
• specific corporate accountabilities to be demonstrated by the provider, which the governing body also assures itself are met
• requirements for academic governance oversight of a provider’s higher education activities.

This Domain represents a collection, at a corporate level, of the provider’s accountabilities, both as a responsible corporate entity and as a provider of quality higher education, including responsibility for compliance with the requirements of the other six Domains of the HES Framework. Some of these accountabilities reside solely with the governing body, although most rely on delegations of authority from the governing body to various parts/officers of the provider. 

Because of its overarching nature, the extent to which a provider demonstrates its capacity to meet the Standards of this Domain (along with Domains 5 and 7) as part of its ordinary business will be a significant factor in building TEQSA’s confidence about the provider’s capacity to meet and continue to meet the requirements of the HES Framework overall.

Our commentary

6.1 Corporate Governance

This Section requires a provider's governing body to be formally established by a legal instrument (e.g. by a specific Act or under the Corporations Act or State Act unless the provider is an individual operating from a Territory). The Standards do not prescribe the model of governance (e.g. Board/CEO or Board/Executive Director) but at least two members of the body must be independent and, consequently, could not be executive directors (the concept of an independent director is elaborated on in the Guidance Note for Corporate Governance).

The Standards require the governing body to exercise governance functions and to hold the organisation accountable, which TEQSA would expect to see reflected in the entity’s instrument of establishment, constitution, a board charter or the like and/or delegated authorities put in place by the governing body. Standard 6.1.3 specifies a number of key governance roles for the governing body. Provided these are carried out as contemplated by the Standard, we would not seek to specify how these roles are undertaken. Notable among these roles is the conduct of periodic independent reviews of the effectiveness of the governing body and the academic governance processes the provider has implemented. For an established provider, we will require reports of these reviews and evidence of improvements arising, or planned to arise, from them. In addition, we will also need to be satisfied that arrangements to meet contingencies including cessation as a provider are available and likely to be effective.

Reference point

• Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Fit and Proper Person Determination 2018. 

6.2 Corporate Monitoring and Accountability

This Section of the Standards specifies a series of critical accountabilities that the provider must be able to demonstrate, and that the governing body, as part of its governance role, must be able to satisfy itself are being met. The governing body should set in place delegated authorities required for effective governance, and TEQSA will review these (including their effectiveness). The governing body must also be able to demonstrate that it has assured itself that these accountabilities are being met as part of its ordinary business, for example, as recorded in its business agendas, confirmed minutes and actions arising such as compliance monitoring, risk management and monitoring of delegated authorities.

Management of risks must include risks to quality. We will expect the provider to be able to demonstrate how the governing body remains abreast of any occurrences of academic misconduct, serious complaints, critical incidents and actual or potential lapses in relation to the HES Framework (see Paragraphs j and k of Standard 6.2.1) through its reporting framework. The evidence required to demonstrate financial viability and the financial capability to meet the Standards and sustain the quality of higher education is detailed in the Application guide for new providers.

Reference points

• ASX Corporate Governance Council (July 2014, or as amended), Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations (3rd Edition). 
• Universities Australia (July 2011), Voluntary Code of Best Practice for the Governance of Australian Universities.

6.3 Academic Governance

This Domain represents the highest level of academic governance oversight mechanisms established by the provider. Neither the Standards nor TEQSA prescribe the structures that may be employed (such as an Academic Board or Senate). However, the outcomes that are to be achieved are specified by the Standards and we will expect a provider to demonstrate that its chosen mechanisms for academic governance achieve these outcomes. A provider’s academic governance systems represent a critical oversight link between the provider’s detailed internal quality assurance arrangements (see Domain 5), the accountability of the governing body for the quality of the higher education it offers and for meeting the requirements of the HES Framework (see Domain 6).

We will expect to see evidence of high level academic oversight (e.g. policy development and review, performance analyses, review findings and actions arising) as contemplated by Standards 6.3.1-6.3.3 as part of the provider’s normal business, including reports and analyses presented to the governing body. A provider’s capacity to maintain effective academic oversight of its higher education activities will be critical to our confidence in the provider and their ability to meet the rest of the Standards.

Relevant guidance notes

The following guidance notes can be accessed at our Guidance notes page, or from the links below:

• Academic governance
• Academic and research integrity
• Academic quality assurance
• Corporate governance
• Delivery with other parties
• Financial assessment
• Financial standing

TEQSA registers providers to deliver higher education for a specific period, up to a maximum of 7 years. Each registered provider is required to apply to renew its registration at least 180 days before its current registration period lapses. Your registration period is published on the National Register under the ‘Registration’ tab.

Applications must be on the approved online application form (available from the Provider Portal), include all information requested, and be accompanied by the applicable fee and payment/invoice form. See more information on our fees page.

Once an application has been submitted, your registration continues until TEQSA has made a decision on the application. There are no additional restrictions on a provider’s registration while an application is under assessment.

The time it takes for TEQSA to assess an application to renew registration depends on the quality of the submission, any concurrent assessments being undertaken by TEQSA, and the time it takes for providers to respond to requests by TEQSA. As part of the assessment, TEQSA may request evidence to address gaps in the application, or to substantiate claims made in the submission.

Key stages

• Stage 1: Prepare your application
• Stage 2: Submit your application
• Stage 3: Application is assessed by TEQSA
• Stage 4: Findings and recommendations
• Stage 5: Application is decided by the TEQSA Commission
• Stage 6: Decision is published on the National Register

Application guide for renewal of registration

TEQSA encourages all applicants to read the application guide for renewal of registration before submitting an application. The application guide explains the application process, sets out the required evidence that will need to be submitted with each application, and provides guidance in preparing the application.

• Access the application guide

Key considerations for providers preparing a self-assurance report (renewal of registration)

All providers are required to prepare and submit a self-assurance report as part of an application for renewal of registration. This report should demonstrate the effectiveness of a provider’s self-assurance processes as an integral part of their day-to-day operations in identifying, managing, and mitigating institutional risks.

In preparing the report, providers should consider the key sector-wide issues that pose significant institutional risk. Guidance on what TEQSA expects providers to consider is available on TEQSA’s website.

• Key considerations for providers preparing a self-assurance report (renewal of registration)

Multiple applications

Providers are encouraged to apply for renewal of registration at the same time as renewal of CRICOS registration, course reaccreditation, and where applicable, other regulatory processes such as application for self-accrediting authority or an application to change provider category. The ability to submit concurrent applications will depend on a range of factors, including accreditation and registration periods. Providers are strongly encouraged to contact us to discuss the best way of packaging applications prior to submission.

Further information

For further information when preparing your application for renewal of registration, please contact TEQSA’s re-registration team at reregistration.enquiries@teqsa.gov.au.